The main components
1. Standard parts and specifications.
The selection of standard specifications for molds is best considered as follows :(A) when the specification is not restricted, it is best to use the highest level.(B). Standard number is adopted in principle.(C). When the standard parts of the mold are not in this size, the nearest person shall be used for processing.
2. Design of punch.
It can be divided into three parts according to its function :(A). The cutting edge of the processing material (the cutting edge, its shape has irregular shape, square, circle, etc.).(B). Contact with the punch holder (fixed part or handle, with irregular shape, square, circle, etc.).(C). Part of the connection between the blade and the handle (intermediate).
The design criteria for each part of the punch are from (A). The cutting edge of the blade, (B). The grinding direction of the cutting edge section, (C). The fixed method of the punch and the shape of the handle.
3. Design of punch plate.
The thickness of the punch plate is related to the size of the mold and the weight, generally 30~40% of the length of the punch, and 1.5 times the diameter of the punch head.
4. Design of guide pin (punch).
Guide pin (punch) guide the guide hole diameter and material of the clearance, its size and the outstanding amount of pressure plate according to the thickness of the material and design, the apex of the guide pin shape roughly divided into two kinds: a. shells, b. cone (tapered shape).
(1). The shell form is the most common form, and there are standard parts on the market.
(2). The cone has a certain Angle, which is suitable for the high-speed stamping of small pieces. The determining factors of the Angle of pushing and drawing are the stamping stroke, the material of the work piece, the size of the guide hole, the processing speed, etc.It is easier to modify the position of the processed material when the Angle of push is large, but the length of the push part will be longer.The push and pull part should be smooth along with the cylinder.
5. Design of concave mold.
(1) design of punching die.
The design of the shape design of punching die should be considered as follows :A. Die life and the shape of the escape Angle, B. The shear Angle of the die, C.
(A). The shape of die life and escape Angle: this design is very important matters, such as the design is not correct will cause damage of the punch, jam or floating, burrs of stampings and other stamping processing adverse occur.
(B). The shear Angle of the concave die: to reduce the punching shear force when the shape is cut, the cutting Angle can be designed in the concave mould, and the cutting force can be reduced when the shear Angle is large, but it is easy to cause the anti-bending and deformation of the products.
(C). The segmentation of the concave mold: the die must be processed by forming and grinding. Since it is a concave shape, the grinding tool is not easy to enter, so it must be divided.
(2) design of bending die.
Bend in die design, to prevent the occurrence of springback and the phenomenon such as excessive bending, u-shaped bend in the shape of the die for the R with a straight line (the combination of Angle of 30 degrees), the best approximation R shape.The shape of R part shall be polished after forming or NC discharge machining.
(3) design of drawing die.
Stretch the shape of concave die corner and escape Angle shape is very important to design matters, the corner and escaped Angle and characteristics are as follows: the shape of the stretching die R Angle value is bigger, the more easily stretch processing, but also produce extended product surface buckling phenomenon, amplify products wall thickness is greater than the thickness.Extension of the thick plate and ejector difficult situations, die R value to take small, about thickness of 1-2 times, generally the cylinder and the square box part mostly stretch of stretching die made straight section shape, to prevent burning occurrence and damage of lubricating oil film and reduce the top output purposes, such as straight section below the department should have fled the stage (or tapered profile) design.In particular, it is necessary to have as little as possible in the case of shrinkage processing.
6. Side pressure of punch.
Stamping process around the punch load is the best ideal of equality under state (i.e., lateral pressure is zero), the punch under lateral pressure will make the upper die and lower die when the transverse direction of migration, cause mould clearance part become bigger or smaller (uneven clearance) and can't get good precision stamping processing.Countermeasures on the lateral pressure punch in any of the following methods: (A) change the direction of machining, (B). One sided machining (cutting, bending, drawing, etc.) products should adopt two rows of he way, (C). The punch or die block is installed side voltage, cutting edge of lateral guidance department (especially cutting and breaking processing).
Design of the back pressure plate.
Stamping process main function parts (punch), pressure plate, concave die after will face pressure, back pressure plate be used when the burst pressure is higher than surface pressure (especially) on the back of the punch and die mold set back platen use a local use and comprehensive use of two forms.
Mold design software
Modern industry develops very quickly, basically is to use computer to carry on design and processing, its accuracy can guarantee at 0.002~0.01.Make mold design work has a boundless vast heaven and earth. If you can use a computer aided design, is your opponent, aeriform in, will fall behind you. Commonly used mold design software AUTOCAD Pro/E, UG SW CImatron, mishiong and so on.